Why Spring Is the #1 Time to Prevent Heartworm in Dogs in Western Australia

Spring in Western Australia, How to prevent heartworm in dogs

Why Spring Is the Most Critical Time to Prevent Heartworm in Your Dog — A Western Australian Guide

Spring in Western Australia brings longer days, warmer evenings, and the unmistakable smell of coastal blooms drifting through the suburbs of Perth’s south. But alongside the season’s pleasures comes one of the most overlooked health risks for dogs across the region: heartworm. If you’re a dog owner in WA, now is the time to act — because how to prevent heartworm in dogs is a question that carries real urgency as temperatures begin to climb.

What Is Heartworm and Why Does It Thrive in WA’s Spring Climate?

Heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) is a parasitic worm transmitted through mosquito bites. When an infected mosquito bites your dog, it deposits tiny larvae into the bloodstream. Over months, these larvae mature into worms that can reach 30 centimetres in length and take up residence in the heart, lungs, and surrounding blood vessels.

Western Australia’s spring conditions — warm days, mild nights, and stagnant water from winter rainfall — create the perfect breeding environment for mosquitoes. The Rockingham, Kwinana, and Mandurah coastal corridors, with their wetlands and waterways, are particularly high-risk zones. This is precisely why early spring is the window when prevention becomes non-negotiable.

Without treatment, heartworm disease can cause serious, sometimes fatal damage to the cardiovascular system. The good news? It is almost entirely preventable.

How to Prevent Heartworm in Dogs: Your Seasonal Checklist

Understanding how to prevent heartworm in dogs starts with knowing your options. Prevention is far less expensive, safer, and simpler than treatment. Here’s what WA dog owners should be doing every spring:

1. Book an Annual Heartworm Test First

Before starting or restarting a prevention program, your vet will recommend a heartworm antigen test. This is especially important if your dog’s prevention has lapsed over winter, even by a few weeks. Administering preventatives to a dog that already has adult heartworms can cause a dangerous reaction.

2. Choose the Right Prevention Method for Your Dog

There are several highly effective options available:

Monthly chewables or tablets — Convenient and easy to administer, often combined with intestinal worming protection.
Topical spot-on treatments — Applied to the skin monthly, some also protect against fleas and ticks.
Annual injectable prevention — Administered by your vet once a year, this is ideal for owners who struggle to remember monthly doses. For many busy WA families, this is the most reliable option.

3. Don’t Let Protection Lapse Between Seasons

Heartworm larvae develop in mosquitoes only when temperatures consistently exceed 14°C — conditions that WA regularly sees from September through April. Starting prevention at the first sign of spring (rather than waiting until summer peaks) closes the gap when dogs are most vulnerable.

Spring Is Also Prime Time for Other Parasites

Heartworm isn’t the only threat to watch for this season. Spring brings a surge in fleas and ticks across WA’s bushland fringes and coastal suburbs. Paralysis ticks, in particular, can be life-threatening if not caught early. If you’re managing your dog’s parasite prevention holistically, it’s worth reading about how to protect your dog from ticks and fleas — because the best approach combines heartworm, flea, and tick prevention in a single, coordinated plan.

Spring is also the season when many WA families welcome a new puppy into the home. Puppies should begin heartworm prevention as early as eight weeks of age. While you’re establishing healthy habits from the start, don’t overlook other aspects of puppy wellbeing — including protecting your puppy’s paws on hot pavements and rough terrain as the season warms up.

Recognising the Warning Signs

Prevention is the goal, but knowing the symptoms of heartworm disease is equally important. Early-stage infection is often silent. As the disease progresses, you may notice:

A persistent, soft cough
Fatigue after mild exercise
Reluctance to be active
Weight loss or reduced appetite
Swollen abdomen (in severe cases)

If your dog is showing any of these signs, don’t wait. These symptoms can also overlap with other serious conditions. For a broader look at illnesses to watch for in dogs — especially as seasons change — it’s worth familiarising yourself with common dog illnesses and treatments, so you know when to seek veterinary advice promptly.

The Local Reality: WA’s Heartworm Risk Isn’t Going Away

Western Australia’s climate is warming, and with it, mosquito populations are expanding their range and active seasons. Areas like Port Kennedy, Baldivis, and Secret Harbour — with their proximity to coastal wetlands — face year-round mosquito pressure. For dogs living in or visiting these areas, consistent, year-round heartworm prevention is the only reliable safeguard.

A Simple Rule for WA Dog Owners This Spring

If you can only do one thing for your dog’s health this season, make it this: book a heartworm check and update their prevention. A single vet visit in spring can protect your dog for the entire year ahead. Understanding how to prevent heartworm in dogs doesn’t require specialist knowledge — it just requires action, and spring is the time to take it.

Ready to protect your dog this spring? Talk to the team at Port Kennedy Vet to find the prevention plan that suits your dog’s age, lifestyle, and health history.

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Feline Leukemia Virus: Why Western Australian Cats Face a Higher Risk

Feline Leukemia Virus in Western Australia: What Perth Cat Owners Need to Know

If you’re a cat owner in Perth or the surrounding suburbs, there’s a health threat you may not be fully aware of — one that quietly spreads between cats and carries serious, often fatal consequences. Feline leukemia virus is one of the most significant infectious diseases affecting domestic cats in Australia, and the numbers here in Western Australia are particularly concerning.

Unlike some cat illnesses that stay localised to wildlife or strays, this virus affects pet cats of all ages and lifestyles. Understanding your risk, recognising the signs, and taking preventive action could make all the difference for your feline companion.

Why Perth Cats Face a Higher Risk

Research estimates that the prevalence of feline leukemia virus in Western Australia is between 7 and 11% — a rate notably higher than in many other parts of Australia. While the exact reasons for this elevated figure aren’t fully understood, factors like outdoor cat populations, unvaccinated community cats, and the warm climate that supports year-round cat activity likely all play a role.

Perth’s suburban sprawl means many domestic cats roam freely and interact with neighbouring cats, stray animals, and wildlife corridors. This kind of regular contact creates ideal conditions for the virus to spread — particularly through mutual grooming, shared food and water bowls, bites, and even sneezing at close range.

This local context matters. If you’re a Perth cat owner, the risk to your pet isn’t abstract. It’s statistically real.

How Feline Leukemia Virus Spreads and Who’s Most Vulnerable

The virus spreads primarily through saliva and nasal secretions during prolonged, close contact between cats. Kittens and young cats are disproportionately vulnerable — their immune systems are still developing, making it harder to fight off the infection. However, adult cats with weakened immunity or heavy exposure are also at significant risk.

Cats most at risk include:

Outdoor or free-roaming cats that interact with unknown animals
Multi-cat households where one infected cat can expose others
Kittens born to infected mothers (the virus can pass in utero or through milk)
Unvaccinated cats of any age

Once infected, a cat may remain a carrier without showing obvious signs for months or even years, unknowingly spreading the disease to others. This silent transmission is part of what makes the virus so difficult to control at a population level.

Recognising the Warning Signs

One of the most challenging aspects of this disease is how varied and non-specific the early symptoms can be. Infected cats may initially show signs easily mistaken for other common illnesses — including cat flu-like symptoms such as lethargy, loss of appetite, fever, and nasal discharge.

As the disease progresses, more serious complications can emerge:

Persistent or recurring infections (respiratory, urinary, skin)
Unexplained weight loss
Swollen lymph nodes
Pale or yellow-tinged gums
Breathing difficulties
Neurological changes

Because these signs can indicate many different conditions, early veterinary assessment is critical. If your cat is showing signs of discomfort or pain that you can’t easily explain, please don’t wait — book an appointment promptly.

Prevention: Your Most Powerful Tool

There is no cure for feline leukemia virus once a cat is persistently infected, so prevention is the cornerstone of protecting your pet. The good news is that effective preventive measures exist.

Vaccination is the most important step you can take. A safe, proven vaccine is available and is especially recommended for cats with any outdoor access or exposure to other cats. Many pet owners ask whether vaccines carry risks — it’s a fair question, and one addressed thoroughly in this guide to cat vaccine safety.

Beyond vaccination, other prevention strategies include:

Testing new cats before introducing them to your existing household
Keeping cats indoors or in a secure enclosure where possible
Desexing to reduce roaming and fighting behaviour
Avoiding shared feeding stations with unknown cats

If you’ve recently adopted a kitten or taken in a stray, early testing and vaccination are strongly recommended — especially in a region like Perth where prevalence rates are higher than the national average.

Talk to Your Vet About Your Cat’s Individual Risk

Every cat’s situation is different. An indoor-only cat in a single-pet household faces a very different risk profile than a free-roaming cat in a busy suburban neighbourhood. Your vet is best placed to assess your pet’s individual circumstances and recommend the right testing and vaccination schedule.

If you’re based in Perth or the southern suburbs and want to discuss your cat’s health and protection plan, the team at Port Kennedy Vet is here to help. Reach out to us today to book a health check or talk through your options.

Protecting your cat from feline leukemia virus starts with awareness — and that first step is one you’ve already taken.

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Is Your Cat Blocked? Hairball Symptoms, Prevention Tips & When to See a WA Vet

Cat Hairball Blockage Symptoms & How to Prevent Painful Gut Blockages in Your Cat

If you share your home with a cat, you’ve almost certainly heard that distinctive retching sound at two in the morning. While the occasional hairball is a normal part of feline life, there’s an important line between a manageable nuisance and a genuine health emergency. Understanding cat hairball blockage symptoms could make all the difference for your pet — and for your peace of mind as an owner here in Western Australia, where long, warm summers can leave cats grooming more than usual.

This guide walks you through what hairballs actually are, the signs that suggest something more serious is happening, and the practical steps you can take to reduce the problem at its source.

Why Do Cats Get Hairballs?

Cats are meticulous groomers. Their tongues are covered in tiny, backward-facing barbs that scoop up loose fur as they groom — fur that is then swallowed and travels into the digestive system. Most of this passes through without issue. The problem begins when enough hair accumulates in the stomach to form a compacted mass that the body can’t move forward. The cat’s only option at that point is to regurgitate it.

Long-haired breeds such as Maine Coons, Persians, and Ragdolls are more prone to this, but any cat can develop a hairball problem. Cats that over-groom due to stress or skin irritation are also at higher risk — something worth keeping in mind if your WA home gets hot and dusty in summer, as this can trigger itchy skin and excessive licking.

Recognising Cat Hairball Blockage Symptoms

Occasional vomiting of a hairball — usually preceded by retching or hacking — is generally harmless. But when a hairball becomes lodged rather than expelled, it can create a partial or complete intestinal obstruction. This is a serious medical situation that requires prompt veterinary attention.

Here are the key cat hairball blockage symptoms to watch for:

Repeated retching or gagging without producing anything — your cat is trying to bring something up but can’t
Loss of appetite or complete refusal to eat — a blocked cat often won’t touch food
Unusual lethargy or withdrawal — hiding, sleeping more than usual, or losing interest in play
Constipation or no bowel movements for more than 48 hours
A visibly swollen or sensitive abdomen — your cat may flinch or pull away when touched around the belly
Vomiting liquid repeatedly, particularly yellow or bile-coloured fluid

When to act immediately: If your cat is repeatedly gagging without bringing anything up, has a distended belly, or is vomiting yellow liquid, don’t wait. These signs can indicate a full blockage, which is a veterinary emergency. Learn what yellow vomiting in cats may signal and when to seek urgent care

A blockage that goes untreated for even 24–48 hours can cause serious damage to the intestinal wall, leading to infection or worse. When in doubt, always err on the side of getting your cat checked.

Hairball Prevention: Reducing Swallowed Fur to Stop Painful Tummy Blockages

The best strategy for avoiding cat hairball blockage symptoms is prevention. By reducing the amount of fur your cat swallows during grooming, you significantly lower the chance of a blockage forming in the first place.

Brush Your Cat Regularly

Brushing your cat several times a week — daily for long-haired breeds — removes loose, dead fur before your cat has a chance to swallow it. For WA cat owners, the warmer months often trigger heavier shedding, so stepping up your grooming routine in spring and summer is a smart move. Make it a bonding ritual rather than a chore, and most cats will come to enjoy it.

Support Their Diet and Hydration

A well-hydrated digestive system moves ingested food through more easily. If your cat is reluctant to drink from a bowl, a pet water fountain can be a worthwhile investment. There are also specially formulated hairball-control cat foods that contain higher levels of fibre to help move hair through the gut rather than letting it accumulate. Ask your vet whether this type of diet is right for your cat’s age, weight, and health status.

Try a Hairball Lubricant

Petroleum jelly-based hairball pastes or malt-flavoured lubricants, available from most pet stores and vet clinics, can help ease the passage of swallowed fur. These are typically given once or twice a week. Always check dosage instructions or consult your vet before starting any new supplement.

Keep Your Cat Stimulated

Cats that are bored or stressed tend to over-groom, which dramatically increases the amount of fur they swallow. Environmental enrichment — puzzle feeders, vertical climbing spaces, and regular interactive play — can significantly reduce stress-related grooming. For indoor cats in warmer Perth suburbs, ensuring cool, comfortable resting spots during summer also helps reduce restlessness and excessive licking.

When Hairballs Signal Something More

Sometimes what appears to be a hairball problem is actually a symptom of an underlying illness. Inflammatory bowel disease, hyperthyroidism, and certain parasites can all cause increased vomiting or grooming in cats. If your cat is producing hairballs more than once or twice a month, or if you’re noticing any of the warning signs listed above regularly, it’s worth having a broader conversation with your vet.

Explore common cat illnesses and how our team at Port Kennedy Vet approaches treatment

Routine annual check-ups give your vet the opportunity to catch changes in your cat’s weight, coat condition, and digestive function before they develop into more serious concerns. Prevention is always more straightforward — and kinder to your wallet — than treatment.

A Word for Western Australian Cat Owners

Perth’s climate is genuinely unique. Long, dry summers and warm shoulder seasons mean cats often shed year-round rather than in predictable seasonal bursts. Our native flora can also trigger seasonal allergies in some cats, leading to itchy skin and excessive scratching and licking that accelerate hairball formation. Staying on top of grooming and scheduling regular vet visits — particularly heading into summer — is especially important for cat owners across the Perth metro and surrounding areas.

If you’ve noticed any cat hairball blockage symptoms in your cat, or simply want advice on the best prevention routine, our team is here to help.

📞 Get in touch with Port Kennedy Vet today

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Puppy Paw Protection: The WA Owner’s Guide to Safe Spring Walks

Hot Pavements and Puppy Paws: What Every WA Dog Owner Needs to Know This Spring

Spring in Western Australia is beautiful — wildflowers are blooming, the days are stretching longer, and everyone (including your pup) wants to be outside. But as temperatures begin to climb across the Perth metro and surrounding coastal suburbs like Port Kennedy, Rockingham, and Mandurah, scorching pavement becomes a very real threat to your dog’s feet. That’s why puppy paw protection should be at the top of every WA dog owner’s checklist before heading out for a spring walk.

Puppy paw protection isn’t just a trendy topic — it’s a genuine health concern, especially for younger dogs whose paw pads haven’t yet toughened up from regular walking. Before you clip the lead onto your puppy’s collar and head out this spring, here’s what you need to know about keeping those little paws safe.

Why Hot Pavement Is Especially Dangerous for Puppies

Adult dogs develop some tolerance through regular outdoor exposure, but puppies are a different story. Their paw pads are soft, thin, and far more susceptible to heat damage. In Western Australia, spring temperatures can reach the high 20s and low 30s by October, and asphalt absorbs and retains heat at significantly higher temperatures than the surrounding air.

On a 30°C day, bitumen can reach surface temperatures of 60°C or more. That’s hot enough to cause burns within a matter of seconds. Because puppies are naturally curious and eager to please, they’ll happily trot along beside you even when they’re in pain, which means the damage can occur before you even notice any signs of discomfort.

If you’re still in the early stages of raising your dog, the New Puppy Owner’s Guide from Port Kennedy Vet is an excellent starting point for understanding your pup’s unique health needs, including when and how to safely begin outdoor exercise.

The 5-Second Rule: Your First Line of Defence for Puppy Paw Protection

The simplest and most reliable test before any walk is the 5-second hand test. Press the back of your hand flat against the pavement and hold it there for five seconds. If you can’t keep it there comfortably for the full five seconds, the surface is too hot for your puppy’s paws.

This test costs nothing and takes only a moment. Make it a non-negotiable habit every time you head out during spring and summer.

Timing Your Walks to Avoid the Heat

One of the most effective strategies for puppy paw protection in WA is simply adjusting your walking. Pavement temperatures peak in the mid-afternoon and remain high well into the early evening — often still too warm at 6 pm after a hot spring day.

The safest windows for walking your puppy during warm months are:

Early morning — before 9 am, while the ground is still cool from overnight temperatures
After dark — once the pavement has had a chance to release its stored heat, typically well after sunset

Even during these cooler periods, always run the 5-second test before setting off. WA spring weather can be unpredictable, and the previous day’s heat can linger in concrete and asphalt longer than expected.

Surfaces That Are Safer on Hot Days

Not all ground is created equal when the mercury rises. If you need to walk your pup during warmer parts of the day, seek out:

Grassed areas — parks, ovals, and nature strips stay significantly cooler than paved surfaces
Shaded paths — tree-lined tracks block radiant heat from above and reduce surface temperatures below
Sandy or dirt tracks — natural surfaces in coastal areas like Shoalwater Bay or Safety Bay Regional Park tend to stay cooler and are gentler underfoot

Avoid footpaths and roads that are in direct sun, particularly dark-coloured asphalt, which absorbs and retains heat more aggressively than lighter concrete.

Signs Your Puppy’s Paws May Have Been Burned

Even with precautions, accidents happen. Knowing the warning signs early can make a significant difference in recovery. Watch for:

Limping or favouring one or more paws mid-walk
Refusal to continue walking or sitting down suddenly
Excessive licking or chewing at the paw pads after a walk
Pads that look red, blistered, or are visibly peeling
Whimpering when pressure is applied to the feet

If you notice any of these signs, move your puppy onto a cool (not cold) surface immediately and offer water. Do not apply ice directly. Contact your vet promptly — burns to paw pads can become infected quickly and may require veterinary treatment.

For more on keeping your dog safe as the seasons change, the team at Port Kennedy Vet has put together helpful guidance on protecting dogs in spring, which is well worth a read.

Additional Puppy Paw Protection Tips for WA Summers

Beyond timing and surface choice, a few extra measures can go a long way:

Paw balms and waxes — applied before walks, these create a protective barrier against heat and rough terrain. Look for pet-safe formulas at local pet stores
Dog booties — not every pup takes to them willingly, but with gradual introduction, booties offer reliable protection for sensitive paws
Keep walks short — during spring warm-up months, err on the side of shorter outings and build duration gradually as the season progresses
Rinse paws after walks — cool water helps remove any hot residue and soothes pads after exposure to warm surfaces

When to Speak to Your Vet

If you’re unsure whether your pup’s paws have been affected, or you’d like personalised advice about safe exercise during the warmer months, don’t hesitate to reach out to a professional. The team at Port Kennedy Vet is always happy to help with questions about seasonal puppy care — you can get in touch here.

Proactive puppy paw protection is one of those small habits that can prevent a lot of unnecessary pain for your dog — and a lot of worry for you. With WA’s spring season warming up fast, there’s no better time to get into the routine of checking before you walk.

Your puppy is counting on you to be their first line of defence. A quick five-second test and a glance at the clock before you head out is all it takes to keep those precious paws in perfect condition all season long.

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Dental Care for Puppies: What Every Perth Owner Needs to Know

Dental Care for Puppies: A Perth Owner’s Guide to Healthy Smiles

Bringing a new puppy home in Perth is one of life’s most exciting moments — but amid the cuddles, backyard adventures, and trips to the beach, it’s easy to overlook something as straightforward (yet critical) as your puppy’s teeth. Dental care for puppies is one of the most underestimated aspects of pet ownership, yet it lays the foundation for a lifetime of good health. If you’ve recently welcomed a pup into your home in the southern suburbs of Perth, this guide is for you.

Why Puppy Dental Health Matters More Than You Think

Most people assume dental problems are something only older dogs deal with. The truth is quite the opposite. By the time a dog reaches three years of age, most will already show signs of periodontal disease — and it almost always starts in puppyhood through neglect of basic oral hygiene.

Bacteria in the mouth don’t just cause bad breath and yellow teeth. Left unchecked, they can enter the bloodstream and place stress on your dog’s kidneys, heart, and liver. Starting good habits early means you’re not just protecting your puppy’s smile — you’re protecting their overall wellbeing for years to come.

If you’re still getting your bearings as a new pet parent, check out Port Kennedy Vet’s New Puppy Owner’s Guide for a comprehensive overview of everything you need to know in those crucial first weeks.

Understanding Your Puppy’s Teeth: What’s Normal?

Puppies are born without teeth. Around three to four weeks of age, their 28 baby (deciduous) teeth begin to emerge. By six to eight months, these will have been replaced by 42 permanent adult teeth — and this is the window where dental habits are most impressionable.

During the teething phase, your puppy may chew more than usual. This is completely normal behaviour. Channel it productively by offering vet-approved chew toys rather than letting them gnaw on furniture (or your fingers). These early chewing habits are also a great opportunity to introduce tooth brushing in a low-pressure, positive way.

Dental Care for Puppies: How to Get Started at Home

Starting a home dental routine doesn’t need to be stressful for you or your pup. Here’s a simple approach that works well for Perth families:

1. Start slow with your fingers. Before introducing a brush, get your puppy used to having their mouth touched. Gently lift their lip and rub your finger along their gums daily. Reward them with praise and a treat afterwards.

2. Introduce a puppy-safe toothbrush and toothpaste. Once your pup is comfortable, use a small, soft-bristled toothbrush designed for dogs. Never use human toothpaste — it contains xylitol and fluoride, both of which are toxic to dogs. Opt for an enzymatic dog toothpaste in a flavour they’ll enjoy, like chicken or beef.

3. Brush a few times a week (daily is ideal). Even brushing three to four times per week makes a meaningful difference in reducing plaque build-up.

4. Use dental chews and water additives as supplements. These won’t replace brushing, but they’re a great addition to a complete oral hygiene routine — particularly useful on days when brushing isn’t possible.

For a deeper dive into what good pet oral hygiene looks like at every life stage, the team at Port Kennedy Vet has put together an excellent Pet Dental Health Guide worth bookmarking.

Professional Dental Check-Ups: What to Expect in Perth

Home care is essential, but it can’t replace professional dental assessments. Your vet can spot early signs of gum disease, tooth misalignment, retained baby teeth, and other issues that aren’t visible to the naked eye at home.

In Perth’s southern coastal suburbs — including Port Kennedy, Rockingham, and Safety Bay — veterinary dental services are readily accessible and increasingly affordable, especially when incorporated into a preventative care plan. Professional cleans are typically performed under general anaesthesia to ensure your puppy is safe and comfortable throughout the process.

If you’re looking for a structured, cost-effective way to stay on top of your puppy’s oral health, take a look at Port Kennedy Vet’s Preventive Dental Healthcare Package. It’s designed to make professional dental care accessible for pet owners who want to get ahead of problems before they arise.

Signs Your Puppy May Already Have a Dental Problem

Even with the best intentions, problems can develop. Watch for these warning signs:

Persistent bad breath (beyond normal puppy breath)
Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
Difficulty chewing or dropping food
Pawing at the mouth or face
Visible tartar build-up (yellow or brown deposits near the gum line)
Excessive drooling

If you notice any of these signs, don’t wait. Early intervention makes a significant difference in treatment outcomes and cost.

Giving Your Perth Puppy the Best Start

Dental care for puppies isn’t a luxury — it’s a cornerstone of responsible pet ownership. Whether you live near the coast in Rockingham or further inland, the commitment to your puppy’s oral health starts at home and is supported by regular professional care.

The good news? Most puppies adapt well to dental routines when introduced early and gently. With a little patience and consistency, brushing can even become a bonding ritual your dog looks forward to.

Ready to get your puppy’s dental journey started on the right paw? Get in touch with the team at Port Kennedy Vet to book a puppy dental health check or learn more about their wellness packages tailored to Perth pet owners.

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Kitten Dental Care in Perth: How to Keep Those Tiny Teeth Healthy

Kitten Dental Care 101: Keeping Your Perth Kitten’s Smile Healthy

Bringing a new kitten home is one of life’s great joys — but between the cuddles, the zoomies, and the midnight mischief, it’s easy to overlook one of the most important aspects of your new companion’s wellbeing: their teeth. Kitten dental care is something many Perth pet owners don’t think about until a problem arises, yet starting good habits early can save your kitten from pain, tooth loss, and costly vet visits down the track.

Here’s what every new kitten owner in Perth needs to know about keeping those tiny teeth in top shape.

Why Dental Health Matters From the Start

Kittens are born without teeth, but by around three weeks of age, their baby (deciduous) teeth begin to emerge. By six to eight weeks, they have a full set of 26 milk teeth. Then, between three and six months of age, these fall out and are replaced by 30 permanent adult teeth.

This transitional window is the ideal time to lay the groundwork for lifelong oral health. Dental disease is one of the most common health conditions seen in cats — studies suggest that up to 70% of cats show signs of dental disease by age three. The good news? It’s largely preventable, and it all starts when they’re young.

Kitten Dental Care: What to Look For

Before you can care for your kitten’s mouth, it helps to know what healthy looks like. Healthy gums should be pink and firm, teeth should be clean and white, and your kitten’s breath — while never exactly minty — shouldn’t be noticeably foul.

Red flags to watch for include:

Swollen, red, or bleeding gums
Yellow or brown buildup along the gum line (tartar)
Excessive drooling or pawing at the mouth
Reluctance to eat or chew
Persistent bad breath

If you notice any of these signs, it’s time to book a visit with your local vet. Perth cat owners are lucky to have access to excellent feline health services — if you’re in the Port Kennedy or Rockingham area, Port Kennedy Vet offers specialist kitten care tailored to every stage of your cat’s development.

How to Brush Your Kitten’s Teeth

Yes, you really can — and should — brush your kitten’s teeth. The earlier you start, the more accepting they’ll be of the process as adults.

Here’s how to get started:

Step 1: Build trust first. Spend a few days simply touching your kitten’s face and gently lifting their lips. Reward calm behaviour with treats and praise.

Step 2: Introduce the taste. Let your kitten lick a small amount of pet-safe toothpaste (never human toothpaste, which contains xylitol and fluoride — both toxic to cats) from your finger. Chicken and tuna-flavoured varieties are popular with cats.

Step 3: Try the toothbrush. Use a soft-bristled cat toothbrush or a finger brush. Gently rub along the outer surfaces of the teeth in small circular motions. Even 30 seconds a day makes a meaningful difference.

Step 4: Be consistent. Daily brushing is the gold standard, but even three to four times a week is far better than nothing.

Don’t be discouraged if it takes a few weeks to get the hang of it — patience and positive reinforcement go a long way with kittens.

Beyond Brushing: Other Dental Health Tools

Brushing is the single most effective thing you can do at home, but it doesn’t have to stand alone. There are several complementary options that support good kitten dental care:

Dental treats and chews — Look for products with the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) seal of approval.
Dental diets — Some prescription kibbles are specially designed to reduce plaque through texture and ingredients.
Water additives — Tasteless, odourless formulas added to your kitten’s water bowl can help reduce bacteria.
Dental toys — Chew toys designed for cats can provide mild mechanical cleaning.

These options are best used alongside brushing, not as a replacement.

The Role of Professional Dental Checks

Home care is essential, but it has limits. Professional dental assessments should be part of your kitten’s regular veterinary visits from the very beginning. Your vet will examine your kitten’s mouth at each check-up, monitor the transition from baby to adult teeth, and flag any concerns, such as retained deciduous teeth — a surprisingly common issue in which baby teeth don’t fall out on schedule, crowding the adult teeth that follow.

As part of a broader kitten health care plan, dental assessments sit alongside vaccinations, parasite prevention, and microchipping as cornerstones of preventive feline medicine. Starting this relationship with your vet early means dental problems are caught before they become painful — and expensive — to treat.

A Healthy Mouth for a Happy Perth Kitten

Good kitten dental care isn’t complicated, but it does require consistency. Start early, brush often, use complementary dental health tools, and keep up with regular veterinary visits. Perth cat owners have excellent local resources to help along the way, so there’s no reason your kitten can’t grow up with a clean bill of health — teeth included.

After all, a kitten who grows into a cat with healthy teeth is a cat who can keep purring comfortably well into old age. And that’s worth every minute spent with a tiny toothbrush.

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How to Keep Your Cat Hydrated This Winter in Perth

Winter Hydration for Cats in Perth: Tips Every Local Cat Owner Should Know

Perth winters are mild by most standards — but don’t let those cooler, drier months fool you. While it might not feel like beach weather, your feline companion still faces real hydration challenges during the colder season. For cat owners across the metro area and down into the southern suburbs, understanding hydration for cats during winter can make a genuine difference to your pet’s long-term health.

Why Winter Dehydration Is a Hidden Concern for Perth Cats

Most people associate dehydration with scorching summer days, and fair enough — Perth summers are brutal. But winter brings its own quiet risks. Perth’s winter months (June through August) bring lower humidity, cooler air, and a significant drop in your cat’s natural thirst drive.

Unlike dogs, cats are not instinctively strong drinkers. They evolved as desert animals, historically obtaining much of their moisture through prey. When temperatures drop, and your cat spends more time curled up indoors, they drink even less. The result? A cat that appears perfectly comfortable while quietly becoming mildly dehydrated — and mild, chronic dehydration is a known contributor to urinary tract disease, kidney strain, and digestive issues in cats.

Signs Your Cat May Not Be Drinking Enough

Before jumping into solutions, it helps to know what to look for. Watch for these signs that your cat needs more fluids:

Dry, tacky gums — healthy gums should feel moist and slightly slippery
Skin tenting — pinch the skin gently between the shoulder blades; if it doesn’t spring back quickly, your cat may be dehydrated
Decreased urination — fewer or smaller clumps in the litter box than usual
Lethargy and reduced appetite
Dull, flaky coat — this is often an early visible sign

If you notice persistent dry or flaky skin alongside reduced water intake, it’s worth reading more about skin problems in cats, as dehydration and skin health are closely connected in felines.

Practical Hydration for Cats: Perth-Friendly Winter Tips

1. Serve Warm, Fresh Water Daily

In winter, cats are even less inclined to drink water that feels cold. Try offering water that’s been sitting at room temperature, or briefly warmed (not hot). Refresh it at least once or twice a day — stale water puts cats off drinking entirely. Place multiple water bowls in different spots around the house, away from food bowls and litter trays.

2. Try a Pet Water Fountain

Many cats are instinctively attracted to moving water. A recirculating pet fountain keeps water oxygenated and slightly warmer than a still bowl sitting on a cold tile floor. They’re widely available at Perth pet stores and online, and for many cats, they’re a genuine game-changer for daily intake.

3. Switch to Wet Food (or Add It In)

If your cat is currently on a dry kibble diet, winter is an excellent time to introduce wet food. Canned or pouched cat food is roughly 70–80% moisture by weight, meaning every meal contributes meaningfully to your cat’s fluid intake. Even adding a single wet meal per day alongside dry kibble can noticeably improve overall hydration levels.

Keep in mind that any dietary changes should be gradual — sudden switches can cause digestive upset. And if your cat tends to fluctuate in weight, it’s worth understanding how nutritional shifts can affect their condition. Take a look at this helpful guide on cat weight gain to ensure dietary changes keep your cat healthy, not just hydrated.

4. Add Broth to Their Bowl

A small amount of unsalted chicken or fish broth (no onion, garlic, or additives) added to water or wet food can entice reluctant drinkers. This works especially well in winter when the slight warmth of the broth is more appealing. Always ensure any broth used is specifically pet-safe.

5. Keep Indoor Air from Getting Too Dry

Perth winters aren’t as extreme as those on the east coast, but heating systems — whether ducted, split-system, or gas — can significantly dry indoor air. Dry air increases the rate at which moisture evaporates from your cat’s body. Placing a small bowl of water near a heating vent (not on it) can add a little ambient humidity, or consider a room humidifier if your home tends to get particularly dry.

Good Hydration for Cats Supports Whole-Body Health

Proper hydration for cats isn’t just about preventing dehydration — it supports kidney function, digestive health, coat condition, and urinary tract wellbeing. Perth’s generally dry climate, even in winter, makes proactive hydration habits important year-round, especially when cats naturally slow down and drink less.

When to See Your Vet

If your cat is showing persistent signs of low fluid intake, or if you notice changes in litter box habits, unusual lethargy, or skin and coat changes that concern you, book a check-up. A vet can properly assess your cat’s hydration status and rule out underlying conditions, such as kidney disease or urinary problems, that may be driving the issue.

At Port Kennedy Vet, we work with local cat owners across the southern suburbs to keep their pets healthy year-round. If you’re unsure whether your cat is thriving this winter, don’t wait — a quick consultation can give you real peace of mind.

Looking after your cat’s health year-round starts with the small daily habits. This winter, keep the water flowing, the food nourishing, and the vet visits regular.

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Is Your Dog Dehydrated? Warning Signs WA Owners Shouldn’t Ignore

Signs of Dehydration in Dogs Every Western Australia Pet Owner Must Know

Western Australia’s climate is unforgiving — and for our dogs, that heat can be genuinely dangerous. From the scorching summers in Perth to the relentless heat of regional towns like Kalgoorlie and Broome, WA dogs face hydration challenges that pet owners in cooler states rarely have to consider. Whether you’re heading to the beach in Rockingham, hiking the Bibbulmun Track, or simply spending a long afternoon in the backyard, knowing the signs of dehydration in dogs could one day save your dog’s life.

Why Western Australia’s Climate Puts Dogs at Higher Risk

WA consistently records some of the hottest temperatures in the country. Perth summers regularly push past 40°C, and regional areas can climb even higher. Dogs don’t sweat through their skin the way humans do — they regulate heat primarily through panting, which causes rapid moisture loss. Add in sandy coastal walks, outdoor adventures on long summer days, and high-activity breeds that never know when to stop, and it’s easy to see why dehydration is a genuine year-round concern for WA dog owners — not just in February.

Even in the cooler months, dogs who are unwell, nursing, or recovering from illness can become dehydrated quickly. This is why understanding the early warning signs matters as much as knowing what to do in an emergency.

Signs of Dehydration in Dogs You Shouldn’t Ignore

Learning to spot the signs of dehydration in dogs early means you can act before the situation becomes critical. Here’s what to watch for:

1. Skin Elasticity Test (Skin Tenting)

Gently pinch the skin at the back of your dog’s neck or between the shoulder blades, then release. In a well-hydrated dog, the skin snaps back immediately. If it stays tented or returns slowly, your dog may be dehydrated. This is one of the quickest and most reliable checks you can do at home.

2. Dry, Sticky, or Pale Gums

Run your finger along your dog’s gums. They should feel moist and slippery, with a healthy pink colour. Dry, tacky, or pale gums — or gums that take longer than two seconds to return to pink after you press them (the capillary refill test) — are a classic sign of dehydration or poor circulation and require prompt attention.

3. Sunken or Dull Eyes

Bright, clear eyes are a sign of a healthy, hydrated dog. Eyes that appear sunken or have a dull, glassy appearance can indicate significant fluid loss. This symptom, alongside others, should be treated as an urgent warning sign.

4. Lethargy and Weakness

A dog that’s normally bouncy and enthusiastic but suddenly seems flat, slow, or reluctant to move may be telling you something is wrong. Dehydration affects blood volume and circulation, which can make dogs feel weak and fatigued — similar to how a person feels when they haven’t had enough water on a hot day.

5. Excessive or Reduced Panting

Panting is normal after exercise, but panting that seems disproportionate to activity — or, conversely, a dog that has stopped panting when it should be — can signal heat stress and dehydration. Watch for laboured breathing, drooling, or panting that doesn’t settle after rest in a cool area.

6. Loss of Appetite and Vomiting

Dehydrated dogs often lose their appetite. In more serious cases, they may vomit, which worsens the situation by causing further fluid loss. If your dog isn’t eating and seems “off” on a warm WA day, hydration should be one of your first considerations.

When Dehydration Becomes a Bigger Problem

Dehydration doesn’t always stay simple. Chronic or repeated episodes of inadequate water intake can put significant stress on your dog’s internal organs. The kidneys are especially vulnerable — prolonged dehydration can contribute to or worsen dog kidney disease, a serious condition that requires veterinary management. In some dogs, concentrated urine caused by low water intake can also increase the risk of bladder stones, a painful condition that may require dietary changes or even surgery.

This is why keeping your dog consistently well-hydrated isn’t just about managing a hot day — it’s an important part of their long-term health.

What to Do If You Spot the Signs of Dehydration in Dogs

If you recognise any of the above signs of dehydration in dogs, here’s how to respond:

Offer cool (not ice cold) water and encourage your dog to drink slowly. Gulping large amounts too quickly can cause vomiting.
Move them to a cool, shaded area away from direct sun.
Wet their paws and coat with cool water to help lower body temperature.
Call your vet if symptoms are severe, don’t improve within 30 minutes, or if your dog is showing signs of heat stroke (confusion, collapse, dark red gums).

Never attempt to rehydrate a seriously unwell dog at home without veterinary guidance. Severe dehydration may require intravenous fluids and professional monitoring.

Keeping Your WA Dog Hydrated Year-Round

Prevention is always better than a vet emergency. Keep fresh water available at all times, including multiple bowls if you have a large home or yard. On outings, bring a travel water bottle and a collapsible bowl. Avoid exercising dogs during the hottest parts of the day — early mornings or evenings are best in summer. And know your dog: senior dogs, short-nosed (brachycephalic) breeds, and those with underlying health conditions are all more vulnerable.

If you’re ever unsure whether your dog is drinking enough or showing concerning symptoms, a quick call to your local vet is always the right move.

Concerned about your dog’s health? The team at Port Kennedy Vet is here to help with everything from routine wellness checks to urgent care. Contact us today.

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Small Dog Heart Disease: Early Warning Signs for Perth Pet Owners

Is Your Small Dog at Risk? Understanding Heart Disease in Small Dogs Across Perth Suburbs

If you share your home with a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, a Chihuahua, or a fluffy Maltese, you already know just how much personality these little dogs pack into a small body. Across Perth suburbs — from Rockingham and Mandurah to Cottesloe and Joondalup — small breed dogs are a staple of family life. But there’s something many local pet owners don’t realise: heart disease in small dogs is far more common than most people expect, and it can quietly progress for years before obvious symptoms appear.

This isn’t meant to alarm you. It’s meant to help you stay one step ahead.

Why Small Breeds Are More Vulnerable to Heart Conditions

Not all dogs carry the same cardiac risk. While large breeds like Dobermans can develop a muscle condition called dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the most widespread form of canine heart disease — myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) — disproportionately affects smaller breeds.

MMVD accounts for roughly 75% of all cardiovascular disease in dogs and is responsible for the gradual breakdown of the heart’s mitral valve. Over time, this valve becomes thick and irregular, causing blood to leak backwards with each heartbeat. The heart compensates by working harder, eventually enlarging until it can no longer keep up — a condition known as congestive heart failure.¹

The breeds most at risk include:

Cavalier King Charles Spaniels — By age five, more than half will have a detectable heart murmur. By the age of 10, almost all are affected.²
Miniature and Toy Poodles
Maltese and Shih Tzus
Chihuahuas
Dachshunds and Pomeranians
Yorkshire Terriers and Miniature Schnauzers

These breeds are extremely popular throughout Perth’s suburban neighbourhoods, which makes community awareness all the more important.³

The Silent Progression: What Makes Heart Disease Tricky to Catch

One of the most challenging aspects of heart disease in small dogs is how long it can remain invisible. There’s typically a long asymptomatic stage — often lasting years — during which a dog appears perfectly healthy and energetic. The only detectable sign during this period is a heart murmur, which requires a stethoscope and a trained ear to identify.¹

As the disease progresses, symptoms become more apparent:

Persistent coughing, especially at night or after exercise
Exercise intolerance — tiring easily on walks that your dog once enjoyed
Rapid or laboured breathing
Fainting or sudden collapse
Reduced appetite and weight loss
A swollen or distended abdomen (fluid accumulation in advanced stages)

Some of these signs — particularly lethargy and reduced appetite — can overlap with other conditions. For example, vomiting, digestive changes, and behavioural shifts can be early indicators of broader health issues. If your dog is showing any unusual symptoms alongside the above, it’s worth checking our guide to dog vomiting yellow to help separate unrelated issues from what might be part of a larger picture.

Perth’s Climate and Lifestyle: A Local Consideration

Perth’s warm, dry summers and mild winters make it one of Australia’s most dog-friendly cities. But the climate also brings factors worth keeping in mind for small dogs with heart concerns.

Heat and humidity increase cardiovascular strain. A dog whose heart is already working harder than it should be is more vulnerable to overheating during Perth’s long summer months. Beaches from Fremantle to Rockingham are a favourite destination for small dog owners, but even gentle coastal walks can be taxing for a dog in the early stages of heart failure if the temperature is high.

Additionally, Perth’s urban lifestyle — with its backyard barbecues, festive gatherings, and a tendency toward richer, saltier “treat” foods — can inadvertently contribute to excess weight in small dogs, further straining a heart already compromised by age.

What Can Perth Vets Do? Diagnosis and Management

If your vet hears a murmur during a routine check, that’s not necessarily cause for immediate panic — but it is a signal to investigate further. Depending on the grade and location of the murmur, your vet may recommend:

Chest X-rays to assess heart size and check for fluid in the lungs
Echocardiography (ultrasound) to measure heart chamber dimensions and valve function
An ECG to evaluate the heart rhythm
Blood pressure monitoring

The good news is that early detection genuinely matters. Research has demonstrated that starting medication before the onset of clinical heart failure can delay the progression of congestive heart failure by more than a year in dogs with enlarged hearts.² The medications used — including drugs like pimobendan — help the heart pump more efficiently and reduce the fluid burden on the body.

Beyond medication, lifestyle adjustments play a key role. Low-sodium diets, measured exercise, and weight management all help reduce the strain on a dog’s cardiovascular system.

Other Health Connections Worth Knowing

Dogs with compromised immunity or chronic illness, including those managing heart conditions, can sometimes be more susceptible to secondary infections. If your pet has been showing signs of systemic illness alongside any of the heart-related symptoms above, it’s worth reading about infectious disease symptoms in dogs to better understand what else might need attention.

Similarly, recurring ear infections — which are common in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Cocker Spaniels, and other drop-eared small breeds — are worth monitoring as a potential indicator of underlying immune health. You can learn more about identifying and managing these on our dog ear infection treatment page.

How Often Should Small Breed Dogs Be Screened?

Routine cardiac screening is strongly recommended for at-risk small breeds, particularly:

At every annual wellness check, your vet should always listen to the heart
From age one onward, for Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, given their elevated genetic predisposition²
More frequently (every 6–12 months), once a murmur has been identified, to track progression

Early, consistent monitoring gives your vet the clearest picture of how quickly (or slowly) the disease is moving — and when to introduce treatment.

Protecting Your Small Dog’s Heart: A Summary for Perth Pet Owners

Heart disease in small dogs is a reality that every owner of a small breed should understand — not to live in fear, but to be genuinely prepared. Across Perth’s suburbs, thousands of beloved small dogs are living with cardiac conditions that, with proper management, need not define or shorten their lives.

The key takeaways are simple:

Know whether your breed is at risk
Attend regular vet check-ups, even when your dog seems healthy
Act quickly if you notice coughing, fatigue, or breathing changes
Work with your vet to create a long-term cardiac care plan

If you’d like to discuss your small dog’s heart health, arrange a cardiac screening, or simply ask a question, our team at Port Kennedy Vet is here to help. Get in touch with us today — because catching something early will always be better than waiting.

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How to Keep Cats Warm During Winter: A WA Owner’s Guide

How to Keep Cats Warm During Winter in Western Australia

Western Australia might be famous for its sunshine and scorching summers, but anyone who’s spent a winter in the south-west knows it can get genuinely cold — particularly in Perth and the surrounding regions like Port Kennedy, Rockingham, and the Hills. When temperatures dip overnight, or those chilly southerly winds roll in off the Indian Ocean, your cat feels it just as much as you do. Knowing how to keep cats warm during winter isn’t just about comfort — it’s about protecting their health through the cooler months.

Why WA Winters Can Catch Cat Owners Off Guard

It’s easy to underestimate a WA winter. Unlike the more extreme cold of the eastern states, our cool season tends to sneak up on us — and on our pets. Daytime temperatures in Perth regularly range from 8°C to 18°C from June through August, and overnight lows can drop to 5°C or lower in some inland and southern coastal areas.

Cats, despite their reputation for self-sufficiency, are sensitive to cold. Senior cats, kittens, short-haired breeds, and cats with underlying health conditions are especially vulnerable. A cat that seems “fine” might actually be quietly uncomfortable, sleeping more than usual, or developing health issues that aren’t immediately obvious. If you’ve noticed your cat napping more than normal lately, it’s worth reading about why cats sleep more than usual — sometimes it’s innocent, but other times it can signal something worth checking.

How to Keep Cats Warm During Winter: 7 Practical Tips

1. Create a Warm, Dedicated Sleeping Spot

Cats instinctively seek out the warmest spots in the house, and you can help by giving them a designated cosy retreat. A cat bed lined with a fleece blanket placed away from draughts — think away from windows, exterior walls, and tiled floors — makes a huge difference. Elevated beds or those with enclosed, igloo-style designs trap body heat particularly well.

Avoid placing beds near cat doors or hallways where cold air circulates freely overnight.

2. Keep Indoor Cats Inside During Cold Nights

If your cat has outdoor access, consider keeping them in after sunset during winter. Not only is it colder at night, but wet grass and damp conditions can chill a cat quickly. Wet fur loses its insulating properties, leaving cats far more susceptible to the cold.

This is also a good time to review whether your cat has access to a warm, dry space at all times — especially if you have an outdoor cat that shelters in a garage, laundry, or verandah.

3. Check for Draught Zones Around the House

Take a walk around your home and identify where cold air seeps in — under doors, through gaps in skirting boards, or around poorly sealed windows. Draught excluders and door snakes are inexpensive fixes that benefit the whole household, including your cat.

Cats often curl up on the floor, which means they’re at ground level where cold air tends to settle. A simple rug or mat in their favourite resting area can insulate them from cold tiles or floorboards.

4. Monitor for Skin and Coat Changes

Cold, dry winter air — combined with indoor heating — can affect your cat’s skin and coat condition. You might notice increased flaking, dryness, or your cat grooming more intensely. These can be signs that their skin is reacting to the seasonal change. Learn more about skin problems in cats and when it’s time to seek advice from your vet.

Brushing your cat regularly through winter helps stimulate natural oils in the coat, improving its insulating ability and overall condition.

5. Adjust Feeding if Your Cat Spends Time Outdoors

Cats that spend time outdoors in winter may burn slightly more calories keeping warm. If your cat seems hungrier than usual or is losing condition, speak to your vet about whether a small dietary adjustment is appropriate. Always ensure fresh water is available — cats can become mildly dehydrated in winter because they drink less when it’s cold.

6. Watch for Signs of Cold-Weather Illness

One of the most common cold-weather health concerns in cats is cat flu — a respiratory illness that spreads easily and tends to flare up when cats are stressed or immunocompromised. Symptoms include sneezing, runny eyes, nasal discharge, and lethargy. It’s more common in winter, when cats spend more time indoors in close contact. If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to act quickly — read more about cat flu signs to know what to look for and when to seek treatment.

Keeping your cat’s vaccinations up to date is the most effective protection against cat flu and related illnesses.

7. Use Safe Heating Options

If you use a heater, fireplace, or heat lamp at home, make sure your cat can’t get too close and burn themselves. Cats are drawn to heat sources and may not recognise the danger of an open flame or a very hot surface. Use fireguards, and avoid leaving portable electric heaters unattended when your cat is nearby.

Pet-safe heated mats — designed to warm to body temperature only — are a popular and safe option for cats that need extra warmth, particularly older cats with arthritis or stiff joints.

A Note on Kittens, Senior Cats, and Those with Health Conditions

Young kittens haven’t yet developed the ability to regulate their body temperature effectively. Senior cats often have reduced circulation and may struggle more with joint pain in cold, damp conditions. Cats managing chronic illness, recovering from surgery, or on long-term medication deserve particular attention during winter.

If you’re unsure whether your cat is coping well with the cooler weather, a winter check-up with your local vet is always a sensible step. Early intervention is almost always easier — and less costly — than treating problems that have been quietly developing.

Keep Your Cat Healthy This Winter

Knowing how to keep cats warm during winter in WA is really about staying observant and proactive. Small changes — a better sleeping spot, keeping them inside at night, checking in on their coat and appetite — go a long way toward making the cooler months comfortable and safe for your cat.

If you have any concerns about your cat’s health this winter, the team at Port Kennedy Vet is here to help. Get in touch with us to book an appointment or ask a question — we’re always happy to help keep your pets happy and healthy all year round.

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